Update from the Olympi­ad Organ­iz­ing Committee

The organ­iz­ing com­mit­tee has decided to extend the qual­i­fy­ing round by 1 day. Solu­tions must be sub­mit­ted by 23:59:59 UTC on Novem­ber 11, 2023 (which is 02:59:59 Moscow time on Novem­ber 12).

Unless oth­er­wise spe­cified, please provide answers in SI units. Unless oth­er­wise stated in the task, the accur­acy of the answers must cor­res­pond to the accur­acy of the para­met­ers in the tasks and the attached tables.